Traditional clinical preventive interventions

These approaches involve the care provided by physicians and nurses in a doctor's office during a routine one-to-one encounter. They have a strong evidence base for efficacy in health improvement and/or cost-effectiveness. Examples include seasonal flu vaccines, colonoscopies, and screening for obesity and tobacco use. While such traditional clinical preventive interventions have historically been reimbursed by insurers, and many are now even mandated for most plans by the Affordable Care Act without cost sharing, there is often room for improvement in their promotion and rate of adoption. Improvement can be achieved by various action steps by insurers (eg, increasing the weight with which various preventive interventions are financially incentivized as quality measures), by clinical practices (eg, carefully monitoring that each clinician in the practice provides them), and by public health practitioners (eg, designing social marketing aimed at the public and/or clinical providers and promoting best practices).